EUV Lithography

EUV (extreme ultraviolet) lithography is the ultra-precise manufacturing process that uses extremely short-wavelength light to etch the tiniest circuit patterns onto modern chips. It is essential for producing the most advanced AI processors, yet only one company in the world — ASML — can build the machines capable of it. This hub tracks developments in EUV technology and its impact on the chip supply chain and export policy.

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A polished 12-inch silicon wafer of the kind patterned by lithography machines to make computer chips.

What Is EUV Lithography — and Why Only One Company Can Make It?

29 July 2026

EUV lithography is the ultra-precise process that etches modern AI chips — and only one company in the world, ASML, can build the machines that do it.